I have attended a webinar about assessment by Dr. Francis (skip) Fennell.He is a professor of education and graduate and professional studies at McDaniel College in Maryland.
Dr.Fennell wrote many books the most famous one was the Principles and Standards for School Mathematics.
He considers that the learning community is a relation between adult learning,navigating and coaching relationships.First,leaders and adult learners in which we should think about how to demonstrate respect for colleagues, and be consistently mindful of their time, curriculum stressors , personal lives ,and so on, Second , navigating which means who should be involved in helping to plan and and implement a district - wide initiative designed to provide professional learning opportunities which will focus on formative assessment?.Third,coashing which means mentoring of targeted ( new , novice, challenged) teachers. Providing targeted one-on-one and professional learning efforts with grade based learning communities.
According to dr.Fennell , assessment of students learning is the responsibility of every school and every teacher. It is integral to instructional practice ( planning and teaching). Linking assessment to planning and instructions is used to inform teaching and learning.
Using the formative assessment which means observations , interviews and other informal kinds of formative assessment. would raise student achievement by 0.4 to 0.7 of a standard deviation.
So we need to emphasize and enhance the use of classroom -based formative assessment- to guide teaching and leraning.